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Reactions and analysis investigating the nucleobase impacts on abiotic RNA polymerization- [electronic resource]
Reactions and analysis investigating the nucleobase impacts on abiotic RNA polymerization- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문(국외)
- 자관 청구기호
- 기본표목-개인명
- 표제와 책임표시사항
- Reactions and analysis investigating the nucleobase impacts on abiotic RNA polymerization - [electronic resource] / Coari, Kristin M.
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(117 p)
- 일반주기
- Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-07(E), Section: B.
- 일반주기
- Adviser: Linda B. McGown.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2015.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약The origins of life are of particular interest to the scientific community and the field of astrobiology. Multitudes of hypotheses have been offered to tackle the question of how life first developed on Earth. Some have focused primarily on the origin of the chemical components leading to the first molecules of life, such as the creation of amino acids, sugars, and nucleobases and their more complex analogues such as nucleotides. Others have focused on the polymerization of these components to form peptides, polysaccharides, and polynucleotides. Still others have focused on the organization of multiple components to form proto-cells as precursors to life. The RNA World Hypothesis focuses on RNA polymers as the first functioning biomolecule of life; still, proponents of the hypothesis have yet to identify a route to accommodate the sequence constraints that we see in modern biology.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Modern RNA uses four canonical nucleobases---adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil---transcribed from DNA and translated into proteins consisting of amino acid polymers. These nucleobases, however, were not likely to be the only ones present on a prebiotic Earth, even if they were available at all. This is best evidenced by the presence of other purine nucleobases in meteorites, as meteorite bombardment was a frequent event on Earth during or just before the origins of life. Additionally, some of the nucleobases, like guanine, are capable of self-assembly into large, aggregate structures known as G-tetrads and G-quadruplexes. These self-assembled aggregates could have functioned as a barrier to guanine's incorporation into RNA polymers, yet it is present as one of the canonical nucleobases. This paradox causes us to consider the mechanisms which may have influenced early nucleotide selection, particularly whether all available nucleotides would be equally likely to be incorporated into a growing RNA strand or if there would be selectivity toward some over others.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약To address this question, RNA polymerization reactions were performed utilizing an activated nucleotide (ImpX), a catalytic mineral surface, and unactivated nucleotides. The reaction products were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify the lengths of polymer products as well as the nucleotide composition of the final polymer chains. These results show that unactivated nucleotides could be incorporated by abiotic RNA polymerization, and that this incorporation of an unactivated nucleotide included in these reactions was dependent upon the nucleobase of the ImpX. The results further show that there is selectivity toward incorporation of a terminating, unactivated nucleotide and in the composition of polymer products from reactions of mixtures of ImpX.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약It was found that some nucleotides polymerized to greater extents, and that the degree of heteropolymerization products was heavily dependent upon the type of ImpXs used. The presence of purine nucleotides led to much greater diversity in the polymerization products compared to pyrimidine nucleotides. In addition to the four nucleotides found in modern RNA, we also included inosine monophosphate, which is the nucleotide of the nucleobase hypoxanthine, in reactions of mixtures of activated nucleotides. It behaved similarly to other purines in terms of polymerization and its effect on the diversity of polymerization products. Finally, in an effort to more closely mimic prebiotic Earth conditions, an alternative activation method was used. Instead of using nucleotides that were pre-activated, nucleotides were activated on-the-fly during polymerization reactions. Multiple nucleotide species were activated in a single pot synthesis to investigate the possible effects of the nucleobase in the activation process as well as the final polymer products. More combinations of polymer products were detected for these reactions, and as was the case for pre-activated nucleotides, there was selectivity toward polymerization of some nucleotides over others.
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 부출표목-단체명
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstracts International. 77-07B(E).
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 원문정보보기
- 소장사항
-
20170404 2017
MARC
008170601s2015 us esm 001c eng■001MOKWON01251297
■00520170418113753
■007cr
■020 ▼a9781339467962
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI10010785
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■090 ▼a전자도서(박사논문)
■1001 ▼aCoari, Kristin M.
■24510▼aReactions and analysis investigating the nucleobase impacts on abiotic RNA polymerization▼h[electronic resource]▼cCoari, Kristin M.
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bRensselaer Polytechnic Institute▼c2015
■300 ▼a1 online resource(117 p)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-07(E), Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdviser: Linda B. McGown.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2015.
■520 ▼aThe origins of life are of particular interest to the scientific community and the field of astrobiology. Multitudes of hypotheses have been offered to tackle the question of how life first developed on Earth. Some have focused primarily on the origin of the chemical components leading to the first molecules of life, such as the creation of amino acids, sugars, and nucleobases and their more complex analogues such as nucleotides. Others have focused on the polymerization of these components to form peptides, polysaccharides, and polynucleotides. Still others have focused on the organization of multiple components to form proto-cells as precursors to life. The RNA World Hypothesis focuses on RNA polymers as the first functioning biomolecule of life; still, proponents of the hypothesis have yet to identify a route to accommodate the sequence constraints that we see in modern biology.
■520 ▼aModern RNA uses four canonical nucleobases---adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil---transcribed from DNA and translated into proteins consisting of amino acid polymers. These nucleobases, however, were not likely to be the only ones present on a prebiotic Earth, even if they were available at all. This is best evidenced by the presence of other purine nucleobases in meteorites, as meteorite bombardment was a frequent event on Earth during or just before the origins of life. Additionally, some of the nucleobases, like guanine, are capable of self-assembly into large, aggregate structures known as G-tetrads and G-quadruplexes. These self-assembled aggregates could have functioned as a barrier to guanine's incorporation into RNA polymers, yet it is present as one of the canonical nucleobases. This paradox causes us to consider the mechanisms which may have influenced early nucleotide selection, particularly whether all available nucleotides would be equally likely to be incorporated into a growing RNA strand or if there would be selectivity toward some over others.
■520 ▼aTo address this question, RNA polymerization reactions were performed utilizing an activated nucleotide (ImpX), a catalytic mineral surface, and unactivated nucleotides. The reaction products were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify the lengths of polymer products as well as the nucleotide composition of the final polymer chains. These results show that unactivated nucleotides could be incorporated by abiotic RNA polymerization, and that this incorporation of an unactivated nucleotide included in these reactions was dependent upon the nucleobase of the ImpX. The results further show that there is selectivity toward incorporation of a terminating, unactivated nucleotide and in the composition of polymer products from reactions of mixtures of ImpX.
■520 ▼aIt was found that some nucleotides polymerized to greater extents, and that the degree of heteropolymerization products was heavily dependent upon the type of ImpXs used. The presence of purine nucleotides led to much greater diversity in the polymerization products compared to pyrimidine nucleotides. In addition to the four nucleotides found in modern RNA, we also included inosine monophosphate, which is the nucleotide of the nucleobase hypoxanthine, in reactions of mixtures of activated nucleotides. It behaved similarly to other purines in terms of polymerization and its effect on the diversity of polymerization products. Finally, in an effort to more closely mimic prebiotic Earth conditions, an alternative activation method was used. Instead of using nucleotides that were pre-activated, nucleotides were activated on-the-fly during polymerization reactions. Multiple nucleotide species were activated in a single pot synthesis to investigate the possible effects of the nucleobase in the activation process as well as the final polymer products. More combinations of polymer products were detected for these reactions, and as was the case for pre-activated nucleotides, there was selectivity toward polymerization of some nucleotides over others.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0185.
■650 4▼aAnalytical chemistry
■690 ▼a0486
■71020▼aRensselaer Polytechnic Institute▼bChemistry.
■7730 ▼tDissertation Abstracts International▼g77-07B(E).
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0185
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2015
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T14487153▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a20170404▼f2017



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