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Rotavirus pathogenesis, innate immunity and their immune modulation by probiotics in a piglet model and in vitro- [electronic resource]
Rotavirus pathogenesis, innate immunity and their immune modulation by probiotics in a piglet model and in vitro- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문(국외)
- 자관 청구기호
- 기본표목-개인명
- 표제와 책임표시사항
- Rotavirus pathogenesis, innate immunity and their immune modulation by probiotics in a piglet model and in vitro - [electronic resource] / Shao, Lulu.
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(248 p)
- 일반주기
- Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-02(E), Section: B.
- 일반주기
- Adviser: Linda Saif,J.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2015.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Rotavirus (RV) is a major pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 and in young animals. Because no specific antiviral therapy is available, effective RV vaccines are crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality. However, licensed RV vaccines for humans have low efficacy in developing countries, and emerging RV strains (including G9) may decrease vaccine efficacy. Our goal was to improve understanding of RV pathogenesis, cross-protection and correlates of protection and probiotics/commensals, age and tissue-specific effects on innate immunity in a pig model.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Our first objective was to assess the pathogenesis of porcine RV (PRV) G9P[13] and evaluate short-term cross-protection between G9P[13] and human RV (HRV) G1P[8] in a gnotobiotic (Gn) pig model. Gn pigs were inoculated with G9P[13] and challenged with G1P[8], or vice versa. G9P[13] induced longer fecal virus shedding than G1P[8] and generated complete short-term cross-protection in pigs challenged with G1P[8] or G9P[13], whereas G1P[8] induced only partial protection against G9P[13] challenge. G9P[13] replicated more extensively in porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) than G1P[8]. Our results suggest that heterologous protection by the current monovalent G1P[8] vaccine against emerging G9 strains should be evaluated in further studies to prevent wider dissemination of G9 strains.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Our second objective was to compare the influence of age, diet, microbiota and tissue origin on TLR expression in mononuclear cells (MNCs) and DCs isolated from spleen, ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of germfree (GF) and conventional pigs. TLR mRNA expression profiles were distinct between GF and conventional pigs, and were generally lower in ileal MNCs/DCs which may be due to microbiota-driven immunoregulatory/immunosuppressive mechanisms to avoid overstimulation by dampening TLR expression levels. Comparison of TLR expression profiles in GF and conventional pigs demonstrated that exposure to commensal microbiota may be of more importance than age in TLR expression, further highlighting the critical role of commensal microbiota in the development of systemic and mucosal immune systems of neonates.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Our third objective was to examine the differential effects of live probiotic bacteria on splenic, ileal and MLN MNCs from Gn pigs. MNCs were analyzed after treatment with probiotics and/or inactivated HRV (inactHRV) in vitro to determine DC frequencies and cytokine levels. We found that the Gram-positive probiotics Lactobacilus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 (Bb12) decreased the frequencies of conventional DC (cDC) and activated (MHCII+) cDC in ileal and MLN of inactHRV-exposed or untreated MNCs. In contrast, the Gram-negative probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) increased plasmacytoid DC (pDC) and (MHCII+) pDC frequencies in MLN MNCs. In inactHRV-exposed groups, EcN, LGG and Bb12 reduced cytokine levels of IL-6 (pro-inflammatory), IFN-alpha (innate/anti-viral), IL-12 (Th1), and IL-4 (Th2) in splenic MNCs; whereas, EcN increased IL-10 (T-regulatory) levels. These results demonstrate that Gram-positive and Gram-negative probiotic bacteria differentially modulate DC frequencies, surface phenotypes and functions in vitro..
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Collectively, these findings improve our understanding of RV pathogenesis, correlates of protection, and the development of porcine innate immunity. This knowledge should help to improve RV vaccine efficacy and aid in design of new vaccines. V.
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 부출표목-단체명
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstracts International. 78-02B(E).
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 원문정보보기
- 소장사항
-
20170404 2017
MARC
008170601s2015 us esm 001c eng■001MOKWON01252840
■00520170418115142
■007cr
■020 ▼a9781369007732
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI10145231
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■090 ▼a전자도서(박사논문)
■1001 ▼aShao, Lulu.
■24510▼aRotavirus pathogenesis, innate immunity and their immune modulation by probiotics in a piglet model and in vitro▼h[electronic resource]▼cShao, Lulu.
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Ohio State University▼c2015
■300 ▼a1 online resource(248 p)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-02(E), Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdviser: Linda Saif,J.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2015.
■520 ▼aRotavirus (RV) is a major pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 and in young animals. Because no specific antiviral therapy is available, effective RV vaccines are crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality. However, licensed RV vaccines for humans have low efficacy in developing countries, and emerging RV strains (including G9) may decrease vaccine efficacy. Our goal was to improve understanding of RV pathogenesis, cross-protection and correlates of protection and probiotics/commensals, age and tissue-specific effects on innate immunity in a pig model.
■520 ▼aOur first objective was to assess the pathogenesis of porcine RV (PRV) G9P[13] and evaluate short-term cross-protection between G9P[13] and human RV (HRV) G1P[8] in a gnotobiotic (Gn) pig model. Gn pigs were inoculated with G9P[13] and challenged with G1P[8], or vice versa. G9P[13] induced longer fecal virus shedding than G1P[8] and generated complete short-term cross-protection in pigs challenged with G1P[8] or G9P[13], whereas G1P[8] induced only partial protection against G9P[13] challenge. G9P[13] replicated more extensively in porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) than G1P[8]. Our results suggest that heterologous protection by the current monovalent G1P[8] vaccine against emerging G9 strains should be evaluated in further studies to prevent wider dissemination of G9 strains.
■520 ▼aOur second objective was to compare the influence of age, diet, microbiota and tissue origin on TLR expression in mononuclear cells (MNCs) and DCs isolated from spleen, ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of germfree (GF) and conventional pigs. TLR mRNA expression profiles were distinct between GF and conventional pigs, and were generally lower in ileal MNCs/DCs which may be due to microbiota-driven immunoregulatory/immunosuppressive mechanisms to avoid overstimulation by dampening TLR expression levels. Comparison of TLR expression profiles in GF and conventional pigs demonstrated that exposure to commensal microbiota may be of more importance than age in TLR expression, further highlighting the critical role of commensal microbiota in the development of systemic and mucosal immune systems of neonates.
■520 ▼aOur third objective was to examine the differential effects of live probiotic bacteria on splenic, ileal and MLN MNCs from Gn pigs. MNCs were analyzed after treatment with probiotics and/or inactivated HRV (inactHRV) in vitro to determine DC frequencies and cytokine levels. We found that the Gram-positive probiotics Lactobacilus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 (Bb12) decreased the frequencies of conventional DC (cDC) and activated (MHCII+) cDC in ileal and MLN of inactHRV-exposed or untreated MNCs. In contrast, the Gram-negative probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) increased plasmacytoid DC (pDC) and (MHCII+) pDC frequencies in MLN MNCs. In inactHRV-exposed groups, EcN, LGG and Bb12 reduced cytokine levels of IL-6 (pro-inflammatory), IFN-alpha (innate/anti-viral), IL-12 (Th1), and IL-4 (Th2) in splenic MNCs; whereas, EcN increased IL-10 (T-regulatory) levels. These results demonstrate that Gram-positive and Gram-negative probiotic bacteria differentially modulate DC frequencies, surface phenotypes and functions in vitro..
■520 ▼aCollectively, these findings improve our understanding of RV pathogenesis, correlates of protection, and the development of porcine innate immunity. This knowledge should help to improve RV vaccine efficacy and aid in design of new vaccines. V.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0168.
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aVirology
■690 ▼a0982
■690 ▼a0720
■71020▼aThe Ohio State University▼bComparative and Veterinary Medicine.
■7730 ▼tDissertation Abstracts International▼g78-02B(E).
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0168
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2015
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T14488699▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a20170404▼f2017
