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Drugs that thwart antibiotic resistance- [electronic resource]
Drugs that thwart antibiotic resistance- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문(국외)
- 자관 청구기호
- 기본표목-개인명
- 표제와 책임표시사항
- Drugs that thwart antibiotic resistance - [electronic resource] / Stone, Laura Kathryn.
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(120 p)
- 일반주기
- Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-04(E), Section: B.
- 일반주기
- Adviser: Roy Kishony.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2015.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Antibiotics are often credited with being one of the major forces behind the expansion of human life expectancy in the past 60 years. Yet at the root of this advancement lies its potential undoing: using antibiotics promotes the emergence and spread of resistant strains, reducing the efficacy of the drugs. Now, rising antibiotic resistance threatens to undo much of the progress of modern medicine. To halt the rise of resistance and preserve the activity of antibiotics, we must find ways to neutralize, modulate, or even invert the evolutionary advantage of resistant strains. Chapter 1 reviews three strategies to overcome antibiotic resistance through the sequential or concurrent use of multiple drugs: resistance mechanism inhibitors, synergistic, antagonistic, and suppressive drug interactions, and collateral sensitivity.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Collateral sensitivity occurs when a bacterium acquires a mutation or gene that provides resistance to one drug, but makes them more susceptible to others. This new vulnerability can therefore be exploited to select against resistance mechanisms. Chapter 2 describes a screening strategy, based on direct competition between antibiotic resistant and susceptible strains, for identifying compounds that select against antibiotic resistance genes and cassettes. Using this approach we identified two compounds---beta-thujaplicin and disulfiram---that select against the TetA tetracycline resistance pump in E. coli. Furthermore, we demonstrate a two-phase treatment paradigm in which beta-thujaplicin drives a tetracycline resistant population back to susceptibility, allowing successful second-phase treatment with tetracycline.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Chapter 3 examines the consequences of linking two antibiotics---ciprofloxacin and neomycin---into one hybrid compound. We compared the cross-resistance and genotypic profiles of strains evolved in the hybrid to those evolved in mixtures of its two components. We find that the hybrid inhibits bacterial growth through its ciprofloxacin moiety, but prevents resistance through its neomycin moiety by avoiding a common multiple antibiotic resistance pathway. As a result, strains evolved in the hybrid gain less resistance than those evolved in an unlinked mixture. This indicates that linking two drugs can surpass traditional unlinked combination therapy in its ability to prevent resistance.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Finally, Chapter 4 discusses the implications of this work and possible directions for future research in treating antibiotic resistance.
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 부출표목-단체명
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstracts International. 77-04B(E).
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 원문정보보기
- 소장사항
-
20170404 2017
MARC
008170601s2015 us esm 001c eng■001MOKWON01255882
■00520170418121743
■007cr
■020 ▼a9781339296357
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI3739097
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■090 ▼a전자도서(박사논문)
■1001 ▼aStone, Laura Kathryn.
■24510▼aDrugs that thwart antibiotic resistance▼h[electronic resource]▼cStone, Laura Kathryn.
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard University▼c2015
■300 ▼a1 online resource(120 p)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-04(E), Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdviser: Roy Kishony.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2015.
■520 ▼aAntibiotics are often credited with being one of the major forces behind the expansion of human life expectancy in the past 60 years. Yet at the root of this advancement lies its potential undoing: using antibiotics promotes the emergence and spread of resistant strains, reducing the efficacy of the drugs. Now, rising antibiotic resistance threatens to undo much of the progress of modern medicine. To halt the rise of resistance and preserve the activity of antibiotics, we must find ways to neutralize, modulate, or even invert the evolutionary advantage of resistant strains. Chapter 1 reviews three strategies to overcome antibiotic resistance through the sequential or concurrent use of multiple drugs: resistance mechanism inhibitors, synergistic, antagonistic, and suppressive drug interactions, and collateral sensitivity.
■520 ▼aCollateral sensitivity occurs when a bacterium acquires a mutation or gene that provides resistance to one drug, but makes them more susceptible to others. This new vulnerability can therefore be exploited to select against resistance mechanisms. Chapter 2 describes a screening strategy, based on direct competition between antibiotic resistant and susceptible strains, for identifying compounds that select against antibiotic resistance genes and cassettes. Using this approach we identified two compounds---beta-thujaplicin and disulfiram---that select against the TetA tetracycline resistance pump in E. coli. Furthermore, we demonstrate a two-phase treatment paradigm in which beta-thujaplicin drives a tetracycline resistant population back to susceptibility, allowing successful second-phase treatment with tetracycline.
■520 ▼aChapter 3 examines the consequences of linking two antibiotics---ciprofloxacin and neomycin---into one hybrid compound. We compared the cross-resistance and genotypic profiles of strains evolved in the hybrid to those evolved in mixtures of its two components. We find that the hybrid inhibits bacterial growth through its ciprofloxacin moiety, but prevents resistance through its neomycin moiety by avoiding a common multiple antibiotic resistance pathway. As a result, strains evolved in the hybrid gain less resistance than those evolved in an unlinked mixture. This indicates that linking two drugs can surpass traditional unlinked combination therapy in its ability to prevent resistance.
■520 ▼aFinally, Chapter 4 discusses the implications of this work and possible directions for future research in treating antibiotic resistance.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0084.
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aPharmacology
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0419
■71020▼aHarvard University▼bChemical Biology.
■7730 ▼tDissertation Abstracts International▼g77-04B(E).
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0084
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2015
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T14491683▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a20170404▼f2017
![Drugs that thwart antibiotic resistance - [electronic resource] / Stone, Laura Kathryn.](/Sponge/Images/bookDefaults/DDbookdefaultsmall.png)


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