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A Platform for the Discovery of New Macrolide Antibiotics- [electronic resource]
A Platform for the Discovery of New Macrolide Antibiotics - [electronic resource] / Zhang,...
A Platform for the Discovery of New Macrolide Antibiotics- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문(국외)
자관 청구기호  
기본표목-개인명  
표제와 책임표시사항  
A Platform for the Discovery of New Macrolide Antibiotics - [electronic resource] / Zhang, Ziyang.
발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University , 2016
    발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
    Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses , 2016
      형태사항  
      1 online resource(914 p)
      일반주기  
      Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
      학위논문주기  
      Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2016.
      요약 등 주기  
      요약The macrolide class of antibiotics has been widely used to treat bacterial infections for over 65 years. To date, all practical routes to clinically used macrolide antibiotics have relied on the chemical modification of the fermentation product erythromycin, a process referred to as semisynthesis. As bacterial resistance to semisynthetic macrolides emerges, a new approach to the discovery of structurally novel antibiotic candidates is urgently required.
      요약 등 주기  
      요약This dissertation presents a general and practical strategy for the synthesis of macrolide antibiotics based on the convergent assembly of simple building blocks. Implementation of this strategy has led to the synthesis of novel macrolide antibiotic candidates in as few as 10 longest linear steps (from building blocks). The synthesis features a thermal macrocyclization reaction that proves generally successful for the construction of several macrolide scaffolds. In the past four years, my coworkers and I have prepared more than 350 fully synthetic macrolides with substantial structural diversity by adaptation of the synthetic route, variation of the building blocks, or a synergic combination of both. Preliminary antimicrobial testing against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains reveals that many of the fully synthetic macrolides exhibit promising activities, and several of them are efficacious against pathogens resistant to currently used macrolide antibiotics.
      요약 등 주기  
      요약Also described in this dissertation are chemical methods developed specifically for the practical synthesis of two key building blocks. The 3-amino sugar desosamine, a common constituent of many macrolide antibiotics, is synthesized in four steps from methyl vinyl ketone. The key step of the synthesis involves a new method developed for the single-step construction of 3-nitro sugars by the coupling of gamma-nitro alcohols and glyoxal. This method has been applied to the preparation of an array of 3-amino sugars analogous to desosamine, which have been incorporated to provide novel macrolides with modified glycosidic residues. The synthesis of silyl enol ether 72 is enabled by an efficient directed Claisen reaction. The reaction of the lithium enolate of a tert-butyl ester and a phenyl ester in the presence of lithium hexamethyldisilazide affords a tert-butyl beta-keto ester in high yield. Two subsequent steps transform this product to silyl enol ether 72..
      주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
      주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
      부출표목-단체명  
      Harvard University Chemistry and Chemical Biology
        기본자료저록  
        Dissertation Abstracts International. 78-12B(E).
        기본자료저록  
        Dissertation Abstract International
        전자적 위치 및 접속  
         원문정보보기
        소장사항  
        20180515 2018

        MARC

         008180601s2016        us          esm        001c    eng
        ■001MOKWON01257918
        ■00520180518094358
        ■007cr
        ■020    ▼a9780355029864
        ■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI10632908
        ■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)vireo:harvard800Zhang
        ■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
        ■090    ▼a전자도서(박사논문)
        ■1001  ▼aZhang,  Ziyang.
        ■24512▼aA  Platform  for  the  Discovery  of  New  Macrolide  Antibiotics▼h[electronic  resource]▼cZhang,  Ziyang.
        ■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2016
        ■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2016
        ■300    ▼a1  online  resource(914  p)
        ■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertation  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  78-12(E),  Section:  B.
        ■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2016.
        ■520    ▼aThe  macrolide  class  of  antibiotics  has  been  widely  used  to  treat  bacterial  infections  for  over  65  years.  To  date,  all  practical  routes  to  clinically  used  macrolide  antibiotics  have  relied  on  the  chemical  modification  of  the  fermentation  product  erythromycin,  a  process  referred  to  as  semisynthesis.  As  bacterial  resistance  to  semisynthetic  macrolides  emerges,  a  new  approach  to  the  discovery  of  structurally  novel  antibiotic  candidates  is  urgently  required.
        ■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  presents  a  general  and  practical  strategy  for  the  synthesis  of  macrolide  antibiotics  based  on  the  convergent  assembly  of  simple  building  blocks.  Implementation  of  this  strategy  has  led  to  the  synthesis  of  novel  macrolide  antibiotic  candidates  in  as  few  as  10  longest  linear  steps  (from  building  blocks).  The  synthesis  features  a  thermal  macrocyclization  reaction  that  proves  generally  successful  for  the  construction  of  several  macrolide  scaffolds.  In  the  past  four  years,  my  coworkers  and  I  have  prepared  more  than  350  fully  synthetic  macrolides  with  substantial  structural  diversity  by  adaptation  of  the  synthetic  route,  variation  of  the  building  blocks,  or  a  synergic  combination  of  both.  Preliminary  antimicrobial  testing  against  a  panel  of  Gram-positive  and  Gram-negative  strains  reveals  that  many  of  the  fully  synthetic  macrolides  exhibit  promising  activities,  and  several  of  them  are  efficacious  against  pathogens  resistant  to  currently  used  macrolide  antibiotics.
        ■520    ▼aAlso  described  in  this  dissertation  are  chemical  methods  developed  specifically  for  the  practical  synthesis  of  two  key  building  blocks.  The  3-amino  sugar  desosamine,  a  common  constituent  of  many  macrolide  antibiotics,  is  synthesized  in  four  steps  from  methyl  vinyl  ketone.  The  key  step  of  the  synthesis  involves  a  new  method  developed  for  the  single-step  construction  of  3-nitro  sugars  by  the  coupling  of  gamma-nitro  alcohols  and  glyoxal.  This  method  has  been  applied  to  the  preparation  of  an  array  of  3-amino  sugars  analogous  to  desosamine,  which  have  been  incorporated  to  provide  novel  macrolides  with  modified  glycosidic  residues.  The  synthesis  of  silyl  enol  ether  72  is  enabled  by  an  efficient  directed  Claisen  reaction.  The  reaction  of  the  lithium  enolate  of  a  tert-butyl  ester  and  a  phenyl  ester  in  the  presence  of  lithium  hexamethyldisilazide  affords  a  tert-butyl  beta-keto  ester  in  high  yield.  Two  subsequent  steps  transform  this  product  to  silyl  enol  ether  72..
        ■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
        ■650  4▼aOrganic  chemistry
        ■650  4▼aMicrobiology
        ■690    ▼a0490
        ■690    ▼a0410
        ■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bChemistry  and  Chemical  Biology.
        ■7730  ▼tDissertation  Abstracts  International▼g78-12B(E).
        ■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
        ■790    ▼a0084
        ■791    ▼aPh.D.
        ■792    ▼a2016
        ■793    ▼aEnglish
        ■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T14823843▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
        ■980    ▼a20180515▼f2018

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