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Regulation of polysaccharide breakdown in a mammalian gut symbiotic bacterium- [electronic resource]
Regulation of polysaccharide breakdown in a mammalian gut symbiotic bacterium- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문(국외)
- 자관 청구기호
- 기본표목-개인명
- 표제와 책임표시사항
- Regulation of polysaccharide breakdown in a mammalian gut symbiotic bacterium - [electronic resource] / Schwalm, Nathan Daniel, III.
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(215 p)
- 일반주기
- Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-07(E), Section: B.hwalm, Nathan Daniel, III.
- 일반주기
- Adviser: Eduardo A. Groisman.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2016.
- 이용제한주기
- This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약All organisms perceive signals from their environment and produce responses to adapt to them. Bacterial transcriptional regulators respond to the availability of nutrients by increasing the amounts of gene products to utilize the nutrient that is sensed by the regulator. Strict regulation of nutrient breakdown promotes bacterial fitness, while preventing aberrant production of functions unnecessary for survival in a particular environment. In this dissertation, I uncover regulatory pathways used by a bacterium to govern nutrient utilization in a competitive environment.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약The mammalian intestinal tract is home to trillions of bacterial cells that must survive on the complex polysaccharides ingested or secreted by their host. Breakdown of these polysaccharides requires numerous enzymatic functions that are distinct for individual polysaccharides. Generation of these enzymes is transcriptionally regulated by proteins that sense polysaccharide breakdown products to ensure they are expressed only under a particular set of conditions. We demonstrate that the gut symbiotic bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron controls breakdown of a complex host dietary polysaccharide by sensing multiple signals derived from that polysaccharide and the metabolic status of the cell.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약The availability of particular complex polysaccharides within the gut fluctuates over time. These changes result in different combinations of multiple polysaccharides being available at different times. Many bacterial species prioritize the breakdown of particular nutrients that are favorable to their survival. We establish that B. thetaiotaomicron prioritizes breakdown of certain polysaccharides, while utilizing other polysaccharides in the absence of prioritization or synergistically.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약A unique family of polysaccharide breakdown regulators in the Bacteroides are capable of sensing extracytoplasmic carbohydrates and governing transcription of genes in the cytoplasm, while tethered to the inner membrane. We establish the activation mechanism of these proteins, and we determine that the activation level of one of the regulators controls the growth phenotype in response to its activating polysaccharide and an additional polysaccharide.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Together, our findings define a regulatory paradigm that governs the breakdown of a complex polysaccharide, and they illuminate how this paradigm is integrated into the regulatory network controlling breakdown of multiple polysaccharides by the gut symbiotic bacterium B. thetaiotaomicron. .
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 부출표목-단체명
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstracts International. 78-07B(E).
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 원문정보보기
- 소장사항
-
20180515 2018
MARC
008180601s2016 us esm 001c eng■001MOKWON01258154
■00520180518094259
■007cr
■020 ▼a9781369632415
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI10584030
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■090 ▼a전자도서(박사논문)
■1001 ▼aSchwalm, Nathan Daniel, III.
■24510▼aRegulation of polysaccharide breakdown in a mammalian gut symbiotic bacterium▼h[electronic resource]▼cSchwalm, Nathan Daniel, III.
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bYale University▼c2016
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2016
■300 ▼a1 online resource(215 p)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-07(E), Section: B.hwalm, Nathan Daniel, III.
■500 ▼aAdviser: Eduardo A. Groisman.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2016.
■506 ▼aThis item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
■520 ▼aAll organisms perceive signals from their environment and produce responses to adapt to them. Bacterial transcriptional regulators respond to the availability of nutrients by increasing the amounts of gene products to utilize the nutrient that is sensed by the regulator. Strict regulation of nutrient breakdown promotes bacterial fitness, while preventing aberrant production of functions unnecessary for survival in a particular environment. In this dissertation, I uncover regulatory pathways used by a bacterium to govern nutrient utilization in a competitive environment.
■520 ▼aThe mammalian intestinal tract is home to trillions of bacterial cells that must survive on the complex polysaccharides ingested or secreted by their host. Breakdown of these polysaccharides requires numerous enzymatic functions that are distinct for individual polysaccharides. Generation of these enzymes is transcriptionally regulated by proteins that sense polysaccharide breakdown products to ensure they are expressed only under a particular set of conditions. We demonstrate that the gut symbiotic bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron controls breakdown of a complex host dietary polysaccharide by sensing multiple signals derived from that polysaccharide and the metabolic status of the cell.
■520 ▼aThe availability of particular complex polysaccharides within the gut fluctuates over time. These changes result in different combinations of multiple polysaccharides being available at different times. Many bacterial species prioritize the breakdown of particular nutrients that are favorable to their survival. We establish that B. thetaiotaomicron prioritizes breakdown of certain polysaccharides, while utilizing other polysaccharides in the absence of prioritization or synergistically.
■520 ▼aA unique family of polysaccharide breakdown regulators in the Bacteroides are capable of sensing extracytoplasmic carbohydrates and governing transcription of genes in the cytoplasm, while tethered to the inner membrane. We establish the activation mechanism of these proteins, and we determine that the activation level of one of the regulators controls the growth phenotype in response to its activating polysaccharide and an additional polysaccharide.
■520 ▼aTogether, our findings define a regulatory paradigm that governs the breakdown of a complex polysaccharide, and they illuminate how this paradigm is integrated into the regulatory network controlling breakdown of multiple polysaccharides by the gut symbiotic bacterium B. thetaiotaomicron. .
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0265.
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aGenetics
■650 4▼aMolecular biology
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0369
■690 ▼a0307
■71020▼aYale University.
■7730 ▼tDissertation Abstracts International▼g78-07B(E).
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0265
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2016
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T14823599▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a20180515▼f2018
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