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Regulation and Modulation of Extraintestinal Immune Cells by the Gut Microbiota- [electronic resource]
Regulation and Modulation of Extraintestinal Immune Cells by the Gut Microbiota - [electro...
Regulation and Modulation of Extraintestinal Immune Cells by the Gut Microbiota- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문(국외)
자관 청구기호  
기본표목-개인명  
표제와 책임표시사항  
Regulation and Modulation of Extraintestinal Immune Cells by the Gut Microbiota - [electronic resource] / Soto, Raymond A.
발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
[Sl] : The University of Utah , 2017
    발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
    Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses , 2017
      형태사항  
      1 online resource(125 p)
      일반주기  
      Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-10(E), Section: B.
      일반주기  
      Adviser: June Louise Round.
      학위논문주기  
      Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Utah, 2017.
      요약 등 주기  
      요약Populations of microbes that reside on environmentally exposed surfaces of the body, termed the microbiota, perform a variety of functions that are beneficial to the host. The contribution of these microbial populations to the development of the host immune system continues to be explored and appreciated. The microbiota is a potent producer of Toll-like receptor ligands, these ligands can escape the restrictions of the gastrointestinal tract and enter the circulation where they can interact with peripheral cells expressing Toll-like receptors. The contribution of Toll-like receptor signaling in peripheral immune cells was assessed in splenic CD4+ T cells. Splenic CD4+ T cells from mice devoid of microbes were found to express high levels of the proapoptotic gene Erdr1. When treated with Pam3Cysk, a Toll-like receptor 2 ligand, Erdr1 was suppressed through a NF-kB dependent manner. When Erdr1 was overexpressed, CD4+ T cell death was enhanced in a Fas-dependent pathway, the modulation of Erdr1 could enhance or diminish the CD4+ T cell response in both a model of ovalbumin immunization and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The microbiota has been shown to influence the outcome of viral infections but limited work has explored the impact of the microbiota on viral infection of the central nervous system. Using the neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus model of infection, we assessed the outcome of viral infection in the absence of the microbiota. Mice devoid of microbes exhibited enhanced disease and an inability tocontrol viral replication in the central nervous system. While disease in this model is due to the presence of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, these cells from mice devoid of microbes did not exhibit intrinsic defects. Rather, microglia from germfree or mice treated with antibiotics from a young age were deficient in their ability to express antigen presentation molecules and stimulate antiviral response. Administration of Toll-like receptor ligands was sufficient to protect germfree mice from enhanced disease and MyD88 signaling in the central nervous system was found to be crucial to the development of microglia.
      주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
      주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
      주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
      주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
      부출표목-단체명  
      기본자료저록  
      Dissertation Abstracts International. 78-10B(E).
      기본자료저록  
      Dissertation Abstract International
      전자적 위치 및 접속  
       원문정보보기
      소장사항  
      20180515 2018

      MARC

       008180601s2017        us          esm        001c    eng
      ■001MOKWON01258775
      ■00520180518093838
      ■007cr
      ■020    ▼a9781369782080
      ■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI10273004
      ■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)utah:13828
      ■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
      ■090    ▼a전자도서(박사논문)
      ■1001  ▼aSoto,  Raymond  A.
      ■24510▼aRegulation  and  Modulation  of  Extraintestinal  Immune  Cells  by  the  Gut  Microbiota▼h[electronic  resource]▼cSoto,  Raymond  A.
      ■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Utah▼c2017
      ■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2017
      ■300    ▼a1  online  resource(125  p)
      ■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertation  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  78-10(E),  Section:  B.
      ■500    ▼aAdviser:  June  Louise  Round.
      ■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Utah,  2017.
      ■520    ▼aPopulations  of  microbes  that  reside  on  environmentally  exposed  surfaces  of  the  body,  termed  the  microbiota,  perform  a  variety  of  functions  that  are  beneficial  to  the  host.  The  contribution  of  these  microbial  populations  to  the  development  of  the  host  immune  system  continues  to  be  explored  and  appreciated.  The  microbiota  is  a  potent  producer  of  Toll-like  receptor  ligands,  these  ligands  can  escape  the  restrictions  of  the  gastrointestinal  tract  and  enter  the  circulation  where  they  can  interact  with  peripheral  cells  expressing  Toll-like  receptors.  The  contribution  of  Toll-like  receptor  signaling  in  peripheral  immune  cells  was  assessed  in  splenic  CD4+  T  cells.  Splenic  CD4+  T  cells  from  mice  devoid  of  microbes  were  found  to  express  high  levels  of  the  proapoptotic  gene  Erdr1.  When  treated  with  Pam3Cysk,  a  Toll-like  receptor  2  ligand,  Erdr1  was  suppressed  through  a  NF-kB  dependent  manner.  When  Erdr1  was  overexpressed,  CD4+  T  cell  death  was  enhanced  in  a  Fas-dependent  pathway,  the  modulation  of  Erdr1  could  enhance  or  diminish  the  CD4+  T  cell  response  in  both  a  model  of  ovalbumin  immunization  and  experimental  autoimmune  encephalomyelitis.  The  microbiota  has  been  shown  to  influence  the  outcome  of  viral  infections  but  limited  work  has  explored  the  impact  of  the  microbiota  on  viral  infection  of  the  central  nervous  system.  Using  the  neurotropic  mouse  hepatitis  virus  model  of  infection,  we  assessed  the  outcome  of  viral  infection  in  the  absence  of  the  microbiota.  Mice  devoid  of  microbes  exhibited  enhanced  disease  and  an  inability  tocontrol  viral  replication  in  the  central  nervous  system.  While  disease  in  this  model  is  due  to  the  presence  of  CD4+  and  CD8+  T  cells,  these  cells  from  mice  devoid  of  microbes  did  not  exhibit  intrinsic  defects.  Rather,  microglia  from  germfree  or  mice  treated  with  antibiotics  from  a  young  age  were  deficient  in  their  ability  to  express  antigen  presentation  molecules  and  stimulate  antiviral  response.  Administration  of  Toll-like  receptor  ligands  was  sufficient  to  protect  germfree  mice  from  enhanced  disease  and  MyD88  signaling  in  the  central  nervous  system  was  found  to  be  crucial  to  the  development  of  microglia.
      ■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0240.
      ■650  4▼aImmunology
      ■650  4▼aMicrobiology
      ■650  4▼aBiology
      ■650  4▼aPathology
      ■690    ▼a0982
      ■690    ▼a0410
      ■690    ▼a0306
      ■690    ▼a0571
      ■71020▼aThe  University  of  Utah▼bPathology.
      ■7730  ▼tDissertation  Abstracts  International▼g78-10B(E).
      ■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
      ■790    ▼a0240
      ■791    ▼aPh.D.
      ■792    ▼a2017
      ■793    ▼aEnglish
      ■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T14822999▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
      ■980    ▼a20180515▼f2018

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