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Towards an Understanding of Aromatic Acid Metabolism in Methylobacterium extorquens.
Towards an Understanding of Aromatic Acid Metabolism in Methylobacterium extorquens.
Towards an Understanding of Aromatic Acid Metabolism in Methylobacterium extorquens.

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자료유형  
 학위논문(국외)
기본표목-개인명  
표제와 책임표시사항  
Towards an Understanding of Aromatic Acid Metabolism in Methylobacterium extorquens.
발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses , 2025
    형태사항  
    95 p.
    일반주기  
    Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
    일반주기  
    Advisor: Martinez-Gomez, Norma Cecilia.
    학위논문주기  
    Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
    요약 등 주기  
    요약Microbial physiology represents an intricate network of processes related to microbial growth, function, and regulation as a response to their environment. Therefore, understanding microbial physiology is the first step in understanding far-ranging phenomena from global biogeochemical cycles to agriculture to human health and disease. Manipulations of microbial physiologies have formed the basis of modern society, allowing for the development of antibiotics and therapies, increased agricultural and food output, and synthetic biology and bioproduct production, to name just a few examples.Methylotrophy, defined as the ability of microorganisms to utilize reduced one-carbon compounds lacking carbon-carbon bonds (e.g. methanol, methane, methylated amines), is a unique microbial physiology by which to investigate the relationship between microbial metabolism and the environment for several reasons. First, the use of ubiquitous C1 substrates such as methanol and methane position methylotrophic bacteria as key players in global carbon cycles. As such, methylotrophic bacteria can be found in a variety of ecosystems including air, marine, soil, and plant environments. Second, methylotrophy necessarily proceeds via the obligate toxic intermediate, formaldehyde; the evolution of pathways that allow methylotrophs to not only routinely encounter and detoxify, but also assimilate, formaldehyde has led to a metabolism that is highly plastic and robust. Third, the recent discovery of the role of lanthanide metals as cofactors in methanol dehydrogenases has expanded our understanding of trace metal utilization in biology. Taken together, these core facets of methylotrophic physiology have massive implications beyond just their roles in metabolism: growth on renewable C1 substrates can be coupled to production of various bioproducts for biotechnologies; understanding the symbiotic interaction between methylotrophic bacteria and plants can lead to enhanced crop production; the resilience against toxic intermediates allows for development of biotechnologies using substrates that would be otherwise excluded from microbial substrate repertoires; the dependence on lanthanides for growth can be manipulated for biorecovery of critical metals. The relationship between methylotrophic physiology and the environment, as well as potential applications for these processes, serve as the basis for this dissertation.In this dissertation, I provide a comprehensive overview of methoxylated aromatic acid metabolism in methylotrophic bacteria. Methoxylated aromatic acids (e.g., vanillic acid) are monomers that comprise lignin, the main constituent of woody plant cell walls and one of the most abundant and renewable carbon sources on Earth. Degradation of lignin releases toxic C1 byproducts such as formaldehyde, and while methylotrophic strains capable of growth on methoxylated aromatic acids have been identified, the details surrounding their metabolism - and especially, the fate of formaldehyde-remained unknown.In Chapter 1, I describe the current state of methylotrophic metabolisms in biotechnology, highlighting recent breakthroughs in metabolic engineering that have allowed for use of diverse feedstocks for production of various commodities. I emphasize the challenges associated with lignin conversion, such as accumulation of formaldehyde, and propose that methylotrophic bacteria capable of methoxylated aromatic acid metabolism could efficiently overcome these challenges while coupling growth to production of value-added products. In Chapter 2, I describe the isolation of a community of methylotrophic bacteria from the leaves of soybean plants, including dozens of strains capable of robust growth on methoxylated aromatic acids. It is from this isolate community that the model organism for methoxylated aromatic acid metabolism in methylotrophs, Methylobacterium extorquens SLI 505, originates. In Chapter 3, I dive into genetic and metabolic characterizations of aromatic acid metabolism to identify the fate of formaldehyde and how methylotrophs cope with seemingly overlapping methylotrophic and heterotrophic pathways during growth on aromatic acids. I demonstrate the importance of formaldehyde dissimilation during growth of M. extorquens SLI 505 on methoxylated aromatic acids and expand on this idea in Chapter 4 where I compare various formaldehyde oxidation modules in M. extorquens SLI 505 and their bioenergetic consequences during growth on vanillic acid. Taken together, this dissertation establishes aromatic acids as a model by which to understand how M. extorquens SLI 505 balances methylotrophic and heterotrophic pathways during growth to provide strategies for growth optimization when using complex substrates in both ecological and industrial fermentation applications.
    주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
    주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    부출표목-단체명  
    기본자료저록  
    Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
    전자적 위치 및 접속  
     원문정보보기

    MARC

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    ■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
    ■0820  ▼a576
    ■1001  ▼aGovindaraju,  Alekhya  Madhuri.
    ■24510▼aTowards  an  Understanding  of  Aromatic  Acid  Metabolism  in  Methylobacterium  extorquens.
    ■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2025
    ■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
    ■300    ▼a95  p.
    ■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
    ■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Martinez-Gomez,  Norma  Cecilia.
    ■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
    ■520    ▼aMicrobial  physiology  represents  an  intricate  network  of  processes  related  to  microbial  growth,  function,  and  regulation  as  a  response  to  their  environment.  Therefore,  understanding  microbial  physiology  is  the  first  step  in  understanding  far-ranging  phenomena  from  global  biogeochemical  cycles  to  agriculture  to  human  health  and  disease.  Manipulations  of  microbial  physiologies  have  formed  the  basis  of  modern  society,  allowing  for  the  development  of  antibiotics  and  therapies,  increased  agricultural  and  food  output,  and  synthetic  biology  and  bioproduct  production,  to  name  just  a  few  examples.Methylotrophy,  defined  as  the  ability  of  microorganisms  to  utilize  reduced  one-carbon  compounds  lacking  carbon-carbon  bonds  (e.g.  methanol,  methane,  methylated  amines),  is  a  unique  microbial  physiology  by  which  to  investigate  the  relationship  between  microbial  metabolism  and  the  environment  for  several  reasons.  First,  the  use  of  ubiquitous  C1  substrates  such  as  methanol  and  methane  position  methylotrophic  bacteria  as  key  players  in  global  carbon  cycles.  As  such,  methylotrophic  bacteria  can  be  found  in  a  variety  of  ecosystems  including  air,  marine,  soil,  and  plant  environments.  Second,  methylotrophy  necessarily  proceeds  via  the  obligate  toxic  intermediate,  formaldehyde;  the  evolution  of  pathways  that  allow  methylotrophs  to  not  only  routinely  encounter  and  detoxify,  but  also  assimilate,  formaldehyde  has  led  to  a  metabolism  that  is  highly  plastic  and  robust.  Third,  the  recent  discovery  of  the  role  of  lanthanide  metals  as  cofactors  in  methanol  dehydrogenases  has  expanded  our  understanding  of  trace  metal  utilization  in  biology.  Taken  together,  these  core  facets  of  methylotrophic  physiology  have  massive  implications  beyond  just  their  roles  in  metabolism:  growth  on  renewable  C1  substrates  can  be  coupled  to  production  of  various  bioproducts  for  biotechnologies;  understanding  the  symbiotic  interaction  between  methylotrophic  bacteria  and  plants  can  lead  to  enhanced  crop  production;  the  resilience  against  toxic  intermediates  allows  for  development  of  biotechnologies  using  substrates  that  would  be  otherwise  excluded  from  microbial  substrate  repertoires;  the  dependence  on  lanthanides  for  growth  can  be  manipulated  for  biorecovery  of  critical  metals.  The  relationship  between  methylotrophic  physiology  and  the  environment,  as  well  as  potential  applications  for  these  processes,  serve  as  the  basis  for  this  dissertation.In  this  dissertation,  I  provide  a  comprehensive  overview  of  methoxylated  aromatic  acid  metabolism  in  methylotrophic  bacteria.  Methoxylated  aromatic  acids  (e.g.,  vanillic  acid)  are  monomers  that  comprise  lignin,  the  main  constituent  of  woody  plant  cell  walls  and  one  of  the  most  abundant  and  renewable  carbon  sources  on  Earth.  Degradation  of  lignin  releases  toxic  C1  byproducts  such  as  formaldehyde,  and  while  methylotrophic  strains  capable  of  growth  on  methoxylated  aromatic  acids  have  been  identified,  the  details  surrounding  their  metabolism  -  and  especially,  the  fate  of  formaldehyde-remained  unknown.In  Chapter  1,  I  describe  the  current  state  of  methylotrophic  metabolisms  in  biotechnology,  highlighting  recent  breakthroughs  in  metabolic  engineering  that  have  allowed  for  use  of  diverse  feedstocks  for  production  of  various  commodities.  I  emphasize  the  challenges  associated  with  lignin  conversion,  such  as  accumulation  of  formaldehyde,  and  propose  that  methylotrophic  bacteria  capable  of  methoxylated  aromatic  acid  metabolism  could  efficiently  overcome  these  challenges  while  coupling  growth  to  production  of  value-added  products.  In  Chapter  2,  I  describe  the  isolation  of  a  community  of  methylotrophic  bacteria  from  the  leaves  of  soybean  plants,  including  dozens  of  strains  capable  of  robust  growth  on  methoxylated  aromatic  acids.  It  is  from  this  isolate  community  that  the  model  organism  for  methoxylated  aromatic  acid  metabolism  in  methylotrophs,  Methylobacterium  extorquens  SLI  505,  originates.  In  Chapter  3,  I  dive  into  genetic  and  metabolic  characterizations  of  aromatic  acid  metabolism  to  identify  the  fate  of  formaldehyde  and  how  methylotrophs  cope  with  seemingly  overlapping  methylotrophic  and  heterotrophic  pathways  during  growth  on  aromatic  acids.  I  demonstrate  the  importance  of  formaldehyde  dissimilation  during  growth  of  M.  extorquens  SLI  505  on  methoxylated  aromatic  acids  and  expand  on  this  idea  in  Chapter  4  where  I  compare  various  formaldehyde  oxidation  modules  in  M.  extorquens  SLI  505  and  their  bioenergetic  consequences  during  growth  on  vanillic  acid.  Taken  together,  this  dissertation  establishes  aromatic  acids  as  a  model  by  which  to  understand  how  M.  extorquens  SLI  505  balances  methylotrophic  and  heterotrophic  pathways  during  growth  to  provide  strategies  for  growth  optimization  when  using  complex  substrates  in  both  ecological  and  industrial  fermentation  applications.
    ■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
    ■650  4▼aMicrobiology.
    ■650  4▼aOrganic  chemistry.
    ■653    ▼aAromatic  acids
    ■653    ▼aBiotechnology
    ■653    ▼aLanthanides
    ■653    ▼aMethylotrophy
    ■653    ▼aMicrobial  physiology
    ■690    ▼a0410
    ■690    ▼a0490
    ■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bMicrobiology.
    ■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
    ■790    ▼a0028
    ■791    ▼aPh.D.
    ■792    ▼a2025
    ■793    ▼aEnglish
    ■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359343▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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