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Spin-Orbit Torque Induced by Amorphous Cobalt Germanium and Amorphous Platinum Germanium.
Spin-Orbit Torque Induced by Amorphous Cobalt Germanium and Amorphous Platinum Germanium.
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문(국외)
- 기본표목-개인명
- 표제와 책임표시사항
- Spin-Orbit Torque Induced by Amorphous Cobalt Germanium and Amorphous Platinum Germanium.
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 발행, 배포, 간사 사항
- 형태사항
- 122 p.
- 일반주기
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 일반주기
- Advisor: Hellman, Frances.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 요약 등 주기
- 요약Efficient logic and memory units are essential for modern information technologies. A promising strategy for lowering the power consumption of magnetic memory and logic units involves switching magnetic bits using spin currents, which exert torque by transferring angular momentum upon entering a magnetic layer. Efficient generation of spin currents requires materials with high charge-to-spin conversion efficiency. Such materials, known as spin-orbit torque (SOT) generators, produce spin currents that can deterministically switch adjacent magnetic layers.In this thesis, we investigate amorphous CoxGe1−x and PtxGe1−x alloys as candidate SOT source materials for next-generation magnetic memory technologies. These systems offer tunable structural and electronic properties through compositional control. We hypothesize that amorphization enhances spin-orbit coupling, partially localizes charge carriers, and reduces the electron mean free path, thereby increasing spin-dependent scattering and improving charge-to-spin current conversion efficiency. Also, amorphization prevents additional phase formation and the need for a suitable seed layer, issues that hinder the practical use of crystalline heavy metals (which are commonly used as SOT generators) such as platinum and tungsten.Thin films of non-magnetic a-CoxGe1−x and a-PtxGe1−x were deposited using DC and pulsed magnetron co-sputtering. The films were interfaced with both in plane magnetized permalloy (Ni81Fe19) and out of plane magnetized Pt/Co multilayers, with appropriate capping layers. A comprehensive set of characterization techniques was employed: atomic force microscopy (AFM) and stylus profilometry for surface morphology and thickness calibration; X-ray reflectometry (XRR) for layer thickness; Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) for compositional analysis; and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for microstructural evaluation. Magnetic properties were investigated using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).We observed significantly enhanced spin Hall angles (SHA) across the entire composition range, which we attribute to spin-orbit coupling enhancement via amorphization. SHA values increased with increasing Co or Pt content, reaching a maximum near the amorphous-to-crystalline transition, beyond which SHA began to decrease due to the onset of crystallization. Peak SHA values of 19.6% and 29.6% were achieved for Co55Ge45 and Pt70Ge30, respectively. These values exceed the 6% typically reported for pure Pt.Out of plane switching experiments further demonstrated the functionality of these materials. Co55Ge45 interfaced with Pt/Co multilayers achieved full switching with a switching current density as low as 1.91 x 106 A/cm2. Pt70Ge30 was partially switched with a current density of 1 x 107 A/cm2 . Both of these switching current densities are lower than those reported for pure Pt or Pt-based alloys (1.2 to 8.2 x 107 A/cm2 ). Concurrent magnetic domain imaging using magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy revealed a quadrupolar switching behavior, with the switching behavior governed by the direction of the applied current and the in plane magnetic field. The imaging confirmed current-induced domain nucleation and propagation during the switching process. These results demonstrate the viability of amorphization as a design strategy for high-performance SOT materials. Amorphous CoxGe1−x and PtxGe1−x effectively convert electrical currents into spin currents and enable switching of out of plane magnetized layers, making them strong candidates for future SOT logic and memory applications.
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 주제명부출표목-일반주제명
- 비통제 색인어
- 비통제 색인어
- 비통제 색인어
- 비통제 색인어
- 비통제 색인어
- 비통제 색인어
- 부출표목-단체명
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 원문정보보기
MARC
008260219s2025 us ||||||||||||||c||eng d■001000017359346
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■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798297601086
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32236594
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a530
■1001 ▼aOzgur, Rustem.
■24510▼aSpin-Orbit Torque Induced by Amorphous Cobalt Germanium and Amorphous Platinum Germanium.
■260 ▼a[S.l.]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley. ▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a122 p.
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Hellman, Frances.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aEfficient logic and memory units are essential for modern information technologies. A promising strategy for lowering the power consumption of magnetic memory and logic units involves switching magnetic bits using spin currents, which exert torque by transferring angular momentum upon entering a magnetic layer. Efficient generation of spin currents requires materials with high charge-to-spin conversion efficiency. Such materials, known as spin-orbit torque (SOT) generators, produce spin currents that can deterministically switch adjacent magnetic layers.In this thesis, we investigate amorphous CoxGe1−x and PtxGe1−x alloys as candidate SOT source materials for next-generation magnetic memory technologies. These systems offer tunable structural and electronic properties through compositional control. We hypothesize that amorphization enhances spin-orbit coupling, partially localizes charge carriers, and reduces the electron mean free path, thereby increasing spin-dependent scattering and improving charge-to-spin current conversion efficiency. Also, amorphization prevents additional phase formation and the need for a suitable seed layer, issues that hinder the practical use of crystalline heavy metals (which are commonly used as SOT generators) such as platinum and tungsten.Thin films of non-magnetic a-CoxGe1−x and a-PtxGe1−x were deposited using DC and pulsed magnetron co-sputtering. The films were interfaced with both in plane magnetized permalloy (Ni81Fe19) and out of plane magnetized Pt/Co multilayers, with appropriate capping layers. A comprehensive set of characterization techniques was employed: atomic force microscopy (AFM) and stylus profilometry for surface morphology and thickness calibration; X-ray reflectometry (XRR) for layer thickness; Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) for compositional analysis; and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for microstructural evaluation. Magnetic properties were investigated using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).We observed significantly enhanced spin Hall angles (SHA) across the entire composition range, which we attribute to spin-orbit coupling enhancement via amorphization. SHA values increased with increasing Co or Pt content, reaching a maximum near the amorphous-to-crystalline transition, beyond which SHA began to decrease due to the onset of crystallization. Peak SHA values of 19.6% and 29.6% were achieved for Co55Ge45 and Pt70Ge30, respectively. These values exceed the 6% typically reported for pure Pt.Out of plane switching experiments further demonstrated the functionality of these materials. Co55Ge45 interfaced with Pt/Co multilayers achieved full switching with a switching current density as low as 1.91 x 106 A/cm2. Pt70Ge30 was partially switched with a current density of 1 x 107 A/cm2 . Both of these switching current densities are lower than those reported for pure Pt or Pt-based alloys (1.2 to 8.2 x 107 A/cm2 ). Concurrent magnetic domain imaging using magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy revealed a quadrupolar switching behavior, with the switching behavior governed by the direction of the applied current and the in plane magnetic field. The imaging confirmed current-induced domain nucleation and propagation during the switching process. These results demonstrate the viability of amorphization as a design strategy for high-performance SOT materials. Amorphous CoxGe1−x and PtxGe1−x effectively convert electrical currents into spin currents and enable switching of out of plane magnetized layers, making them strong candidates for future SOT logic and memory applications.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aPhysics.
■650 4▼aApplied physics.
■650 4▼aMaterials science.
■650 4▼aInformation technology.
■650 4▼aComputational physics.
■653 ▼aAmorphous
■653 ▼aCobalt germanium
■653 ▼aMagnetic switching
■653 ▼aMagnetism
■653 ▼aPlatinum germanium
■653 ▼aSpin-orbit torque
■690 ▼a0794
■690 ▼a0605
■690 ▼a0215
■690 ▼a0489
■690 ▼a0216
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bMaterials Science & Engineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359346▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


