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Roles of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Drosophila Tumor-Host Interactions.
Roles of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Drosophila Tumor-Host Interactions.
Roles of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Drosophila Tumor-Host Interactions.

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문(국외)
기본표목-개인명  
표제와 책임표시사항  
Roles of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Drosophila Tumor-Host Interactions.
발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
발행, 배포, 간사 사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses , 2025
    형태사항  
    105 p.
    일반주기  
    Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
    일반주기  
    Advisor: Bilder, David.
    학위논문주기  
    Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
    요약 등 주기  
    요약Cancer has plagued humanity for thousands of years and continues to be a leading cause of death globally. While tumor growth has been well-characterized, the interactions between a tumor and its host remain understudied. Long-distance tumor-host interactions are known as paraneoplastic syndromes - a class of diseases that affect various organs and present as diverse clinical symptoms. These interactions can be potent drivers for patient mortality, and a deeper understanding of them could have therapeutic benefits. One paraneoplastic syndrome of particular interest is that of the tumor and the immune system. This interaction is the foundation of powerful cancer immunotherapies, but aspects of the tumor-immune cell dynamic remain a mystery. In recent years, Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a model system to study these and other tumor-host interactions. By leveraging the fly's powerful genetics and conserved biology, researchers can probe molecular mechanisms that would be difficult to study in mammals. Here, we used the powerful fly system to better understand cellular and humoral immunity and systemic responses to cancer. Tumor-immune interactions are important drivers of tumor growth and host lethality. Using an adult autochtonous ovarian carcinoma (OC) tumor model, we demonstrate that these tumors recruit macrophages similar to mammalian tumors and that the presence of tumor-associated macrophages slows tumor progression and increases host lifespan. Mammalian tumors acquire ways to evade the immune system; however, it is unknown whether fly tumors can do the same. Interestingly, OC tumors secrete a conserved GPI-linked protease inhibitor called Thioester-containing Protein 3 (Tep3), which we find restricts immune cell recognition of the tumor and thus accelerates tumor progression and host death. We show that Tep3 inhibits the matrix metalloprotease MMP1's proteolytic activity to prevent tumor basement membrane breakdown, a known recruitment signal for macrophages, and thus limit immune restriction of the tumor. Excitingly, Tep3 is also produced in wounds in conjunction with MMP1 where it similarly blocks macrophage recruitment to the wound by modulating MMP1 activity. Tep3 seems to act as a negative regulator of the inflammatory response to resolve inflammation and prevent tissue damage. Hence, the tumor is able to exploit this normal physiological anti-inflammatory mechanism to evade the immune system.  Along with cellular responses, fly tumors also trigger humoral signaling that plays a vital role in tumor-host interactions. While previous work has focused on understanding effects exerted by the tumor on the host, I am interested in how host tissues systemically respond to a tumor. I used a transcriptomic approach to address this question. RNA sequencing of host fat body (the major secretory organ; analogous to human fat and liver) in the presence of a tumor uncovered upregulated factors predicted to be secreted from host fat body. Comparison of the response to tumor versus that to a novel serial clean wounding revealed that the tumor generates a distinct response in host fat, more akin to other chronic stresses like starvation. Using an allograft lifespan assay as a primary screen, I have identified candidates that when knocked down in the fat body affect cancer-induced host mortality. I have also built fly lines compatible with the lab's GAL4-independent tumor model that can now be used for further testing. These transcriptomes will be a valuable resource on systemic host response to tumors. Thus, my work has advanced our understanding of Drosophila tumor-immune cell interactions and laid a foundation for future studies on systemic host response.
    주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
    주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
    주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
    주제명부출표목-일반주제명  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    비통제 색인어  
    부출표목-단체명  
    University of California Berkeley Molecular & Cell Biology
      기본자료저록  
      Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
      전자적 위치 및 접속  
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      MARC

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      ■1001  ▼aAdiga,  Kavya.
      ■24510▼aRoles  of  Cellular  and  Humoral  Immunity  in  Drosophila  Tumor-Host  Interactions.
      ■260    ▼a[S.l.]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2025
      ■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
      ■300    ▼a105  p.
      ■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
      ■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bilder,  David.
      ■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
      ■520    ▼aCancer  has  plagued  humanity  for  thousands  of  years  and  continues  to  be  a  leading  cause  of  death  globally.  While  tumor  growth  has  been  well-characterized,  the  interactions  between  a  tumor  and  its  host  remain  understudied.  Long-distance  tumor-host  interactions  are  known  as  paraneoplastic  syndromes  -  a  class  of  diseases  that  affect  various  organs  and  present  as  diverse  clinical  symptoms.  These  interactions  can  be  potent  drivers  for  patient  mortality,  and  a  deeper  understanding  of  them  could  have  therapeutic  benefits.  One  paraneoplastic  syndrome  of  particular  interest  is  that  of  the  tumor  and  the  immune  system.  This  interaction  is  the  foundation  of  powerful  cancer  immunotherapies,  but  aspects  of  the  tumor-immune  cell  dynamic  remain  a  mystery.  In  recent  years,  Drosophila  melanogaster  has  emerged  as  a  model  system  to  study  these  and  other  tumor-host  interactions.  By  leveraging  the  fly's  powerful  genetics  and  conserved  biology,  researchers  can  probe  molecular  mechanisms  that  would  be  difficult  to  study  in  mammals.  Here,  we  used  the  powerful  fly  system  to  better  understand  cellular  and  humoral  immunity  and  systemic  responses  to  cancer. Tumor-immune  interactions  are  important  drivers  of  tumor  growth  and  host  lethality.  Using  an  adult  autochtonous  ovarian  carcinoma  (OC)  tumor  model,  we  demonstrate  that  these  tumors  recruit  macrophages  similar  to  mammalian  tumors  and  that  the  presence  of  tumor-associated  macrophages  slows  tumor  progression  and  increases  host  lifespan.  Mammalian  tumors  acquire  ways  to  evade  the  immune  system;  however,  it  is  unknown  whether  fly  tumors  can  do  the  same.  Interestingly,  OC  tumors  secrete  a  conserved  GPI-linked  protease  inhibitor  called  Thioester-containing  Protein  3  (Tep3),  which  we  find  restricts  immune  cell  recognition  of  the  tumor  and  thus  accelerates  tumor  progression  and  host  death.  We  show  that  Tep3  inhibits  the  matrix  metalloprotease  MMP1's  proteolytic  activity  to  prevent  tumor  basement  membrane  breakdown,  a  known  recruitment  signal  for  macrophages,  and  thus  limit  immune  restriction  of  the  tumor.  Excitingly,  Tep3  is  also  produced  in  wounds  in  conjunction  with  MMP1  where  it  similarly  blocks  macrophage  recruitment  to  the  wound  by  modulating  MMP1  activity.  Tep3  seems  to  act  as  a  negative  regulator  of  the  inflammatory  response  to  resolve inflammation  and  prevent  tissue  damage.  Hence,  the  tumor  is  able  to  exploit  this  normal  physiological  anti-inflammatory  mechanism  to  evade  the  immune  system.  Along  with  cellular  responses,  fly  tumors  also  trigger  humoral  signaling  that  plays  a  vital  role  in  tumor-host  interactions.  While  previous  work  has  focused  on  understanding  effects  exerted  by  the  tumor  on  the  host,  I  am  interested  in  how  host  tissues  systemically  respond  to  a  tumor.  I  used  a  transcriptomic  approach  to  address  this  question.  RNA  sequencing  of  host  fat  body  (the  major  secretory  organ;  analogous  to  human  fat  and  liver)  in  the  presence  of  a  tumor  uncovered  upregulated  factors  predicted  to  be  secreted  from  host  fat  body.  Comparison  of  the  response  to  tumor  versus  that  to  a  novel  serial  clean  wounding  revealed  that  the  tumor  generates  a  distinct  response  in  host  fat,  more  akin  to  other  chronic  stresses  like  starvation.  Using  an  allograft  lifespan  assay  as  a  primary  screen,  I  have  identified  candidates  that  when  knocked  down  in  the  fat  body  affect  cancer-induced  host  mortality.  I  have  also  built  fly  lines  compatible  with  the  lab's  GAL4-independent  tumor  model  that  can  now  be  used  for  further  testing.  These  transcriptomes  will  be  a  valuable  resource  on  systemic  host  response  to  tumors.  Thus,  my  work  has  advanced  our  understanding  of  Drosophila  tumor-immune  cell  interactions  and  laid  a  foundation  for  future  studies  on  systemic  host  response.
      ■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
      ■650  4▼aGenetics.
      ■650  4▼aCellular  biology.
      ■650  4▼aOncology.
      ■650  4▼aImmunology.
      ■653    ▼aCancer  
      ■653    ▼aRNA  sequencing
      ■653    ▼aDrosophila  melanogaster
      ■653    ▼aHumoral  immunity
      ■653    ▼aMammalian  tumors
      ■690    ▼a0369
      ■690    ▼a0379
      ■690    ▼a0992
      ■690    ▼a0982
      ■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bMolecular  &  Cell  Biology.
      ■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
      ■790    ▼a0028
      ■791    ▼aPh.D.
      ■792    ▼a2025
      ■793    ▼aEnglish
      ■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359365▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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